Common Neurological and Psychiatric Diseases

Cognition is composed of several separate mental abilities or domains that interact to form global cognition. These mental abilities are generally categorized into executive functioning, memory/attention, speed of processing, language, and psychomotor functioning. Even within each of these larger abilities, subsets of these mental abilities are observed. For example, memory can be categorized into declarative memory, episodic memory, semantic memory, procedural memory, visual memory, verbal memory, and prospective memory; furthermore, within each of these memory types, further distinctions can be made. Different brain regions and structures are responsible for each of these particular mental abilities. Thus, if these brain regions and structures are compromised by disease-related insults, this will produce cognitive deficits in certain mental abilities.



A number of diseases such as hypertension, heart disease, and diabetes are known to negatively impact neurological functioning, which in turn reduces cognitive efficiency and creates specific cognitive deficits. The patterns of cognitive deficits can be referred to as cognitive profiles.



 


  • Schizophrenia and Cognition
  • Bipolar Disorder and Cognition
  • Depression and Cognition
  • Anxiety Disorders and Cognition

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